On the Roadmap, Off the Roadmap, Beyond the Roadmap for Lithography.

Interconnect Technology Beyond the Roadmap

Several studies have shown that the evolutionary approaches being used to solve the problems imposed by interconnects will eventually encounter fundamental limits and may be a major factor in impeding the advances in the integrated electronics. Therefore, revolutionary new techniques will be needed to provide a paradigm shift to continue the progress in integrated electronics. Examples of such ...

Roadmap for 22nm and beyond

The German Roadmap

Rewriting the lignin roadmap.

Considerable interest in lignin biosynthesis has been fueled by the many roles that lignin plays in development and in resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, as well as its importance to industry and agriculture. Although the pathway leading to the lignin polymer has been studied for decades, new insights into the enzymes of the pathway have required a complete re-evaluation of how we think l...

The Immunotherapy Roadmap.

As new active agents are discovered and approved, it is clear that combinations of these immunotherapies will be needed to reject most human cancers. The era of personalized patient tumor analysis has arrived just in time to guide these combinations.